Greenhouse gas emissions in Kuopio: Difference between revisions

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[show] This page is a knowledge crystal of subtype variable. The page identifier is Op_en5483
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Question

What are the greenhouse gas and PM emissions in Kuopio?

Answer

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data <- fetch("Op_en5483")
data <- data[data$Sector %in% c("District heating"), ]

emissions <- make.ovariable(
	data = data, 
	dependencies = dependencies.Op_en5483, 
	formula = formula.Op_en5483, 
	name = "emissions"
)
print(emissions)
plot(emissions)

For calculating the emissions of district heating of buildings, following is needed:

Heat consumption of buildings in Kuopio (Energy consumption of heating of buildings in Kuopio). Alternatively, heat production by Haapaniemi energy plant (Haapaniemi energy plant in Kuopio)
Fractions of fuels used by Haapaniemi energy plant (Fuels used by Haapaniemi energy plant)
Emission factors for CO2 and PM (Emission factors for burning processes)
Scenario for heat consumption of buildings and fractions of fuels used by Haapaniemi in 2020 (Climate change policies in Kuopio)

Assessment-specific data

<t2b index="Name,Identifier,Cell,Direction" obs="Result" unit="-">
Haapaniemi energy plant in Kuopio|Op_en5688|Production type:Heat|?|-
Fuels used by Haapaniemi energy plant|Op_en5690|All|?|-
Emission factors for burning processes|Op_en2791|Fuel:Wood; Emission type:CO2|?|-
Emission factors for burning processes|Op_en2791|Fuel:Biomass; Emission type:PM2.5; Fuel power (MW):20-100|?|-
Emission factors for burning processes|Op_en2791|Fuel:Peat; Emission type:CO2|?|-
Emission factors for burning processes|Op_en2791|Fuel:Peat; Emission type:PM2.5; Fuel power (MW):20-100|?|-
Climate change policies in Kuopio|Op_en5466|Decision:Haapaniemi 4|?|-
</t2b>

⇤--#: . Tarkoitin, että Cellit laitetaan arviointisivun eli Climate change policies and health in Kuopio taulukkoon. Ja olennaistahan on tarkastella tämän sivun muuttujaa Greenhouse gas emissions in Kuopio, joten sen datasta pitää slaissata pois muut päästölähteet kuin kaukolämpö. Emission factors for burning processes on vain ylävirran muuttuja, josta ei niin haittaa vaikka data ei mätsää muuttujan outputiin, koska päästöjä laskettaessa siitä otetaan käyttöön vain oikeat rivit. --Jouni 11:10, 1 June 2012 (EEST) (type: truth; paradigms: science: attack)

⇤--#: . Toistaiseksi yhdellä wikisivulla ei saa olla kahta t2b-taulua. --Jouni 11:10, 1 June 2012 (EEST) (type: truth; paradigms: science: attack)

⇤--#: . The appropriate place for the above table must be considered (a new page?) --Marjo 11:05, 1 June 2012 (EEST) (type: truth; paradigms: science: attack)

Rationale

Data

Greenhouse gas emissions in Kuopio: Difference between revisions(kton CO2e)
Obs	Sector	Year	Result	Description
1	Consumers' use of electricity	2010	126.96	1.31
2	Electric heating	2010	32.65	0.34
3	District heating	2010	321.18	3.31
4	Separate heating	2010	41.1	0.42
5	Traffic	2010	164.47	1.70
6	Agriculture	2010	24.36	0.25
7	Waste management	2010	20.55	0.21
8	Total	2010	731.27	7.54

The column Description is the emission divided by the number of people in Kuopio (in ton CO2e per year).

Formula

+ Show code - Hide code

formula.Op_en5483 <- function(x) {
	heat.production  <- make.ovariable(fetch(x[3, "Identifier"]), name = "emission.factors")
	fuel.fractions   <- make.ovariable(fetch(x[2, "Identifier"]), name = "fuel.fractions") 
	emission.factors <- fetch(x[1, "Identifier"])
print(xtable(emission.factors), type = 'html')
	emission.factors <- emission.factors[!colnames(emission.factors) %in% c("PM separator")]
print(xtable(emission.factors), type = 'html')
emission.factors <- make.ovariable(emission.factors, name = "emission.factors")
out <- emission.factors * heat.production * fuel.fractions
return(out)
}

dependencies.Op_en5483 <- data.frame(Name=c("Emission factors for burning processes","Fuels used by Haapaniemi energy plant","Haapaniemi energy plant in Kuopio"),Identifier=c("Op_en2791","Op_en5690","Op_en5688"),Direction="wide",Result=c("emission.factors","fuel.fractions","heat.production"))

emissions <- make.ovariable(data = fetch("Op_en5483"), dependencies = dependencies.Op_en5483, formula = formula.Op_en5483, name = "emissions")
print(emissions)
plot(emissions)

The greenhouse gas emissions in Kuopio in 2010 (without industry) ^[1]

Sector	Greenhouse gas emission (kt CDE)	Emissions per resident (t CDE)
Consumers' use of electricity	126,96	1,31
Electric heating	32,65	0,34
District heating	321,18	3,31
Separate heating	41,1	0,42
Traffic	164,47	1,70
Agriculture	24,36	0,25
Waste management	20,55	0,21
Total	731,27	7,54

----#: . Assuming that CDE equals CO2e equals carbon dioxide equivalents. --Jouni 09:52, 8 February 2012 (EET) (type: truth; paradigms: science: comment)

The greenhouse gas emissions have grown in Kuopio from 1990. They're about the same as the emissions in other cities the same size. The most important sources of greenhouse gases are the district heating used to warm houses, other use of electricity, other use of fuels (the energy production of industry and fuels of construction vehicles) and traffic. The greenhouse gas emissions grow, if active operations to limit emissions from the traffic, the optimizing energy consumption and increasing the amount of renewable energy sources used aren't taken into action. ^[2]

On EU-level the basisline is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions at least 20% from 1990 to 2020. During the same time period the portion of renewable energy sources is increased up to 20% and the related traffic biofuel use up to 10 %. On local level the energy efficiency agreements have a big effect. Along with the city of Kuopio different companies and other agents, such as farms and housing companies, have made these agreements. The energy efficiency agreement made by the city of Kuopio obligates the reduction in energy consumption by 9% (18.207 GWh) from 2005 to 2016.^[2]

The greenhouse gas emissions caused by the city's own actions are only 8% of the total. The whole city corporation, including Kuopion Energia Oy, produces a significant part of the greenhouse gas emissions of Kuopio. The city can affect the emissions from it's own actions and the emissions from traffic by land usage and traffic planning. With advising and announcements the city can contribute to the increasing of energy efficiency of households and buildings. With it's corporate governance the city can also affect the actions and emissions of the whole city corporation.^[2]

**Urgenche research project 2011 - 2014: city-level climate change mitigation**
Urgenche pages Urgenche main page · Category:Urgenche · Urgenche project page (password-protected) Relevant data Building stock data in Urgenche‎ · Building regulations in Finland · Concentration-response to PM2.5 · Emission factors for burning processes · ERF of indoor dampness on respiratory health effects · ERF of several environmental pollutions · General criteria for land use · Indoor environment quality (IEQ) factors · Intake fractions of PM · Land use in Urgenche · Land use and boundary in Urgenche · Energy use of buildings Relevant methods Building model · Energy balance · Health impact assessment · Opasnet map · Help:Drawing graphs · OpasnetUtils‎ · Recommended R functions‎ · Using summary tables‎ City Kuopio Climate change policies and health in Kuopio (assessment) · Climate change policies in Kuopio (plausible city-level climate policies) · Health impacts of energy consumption in Kuopio · Building stock in Kuopio · Cost curves for energy (prioritization of options) · Energy balance in Kuopio (energy data) · Energy consumption and GHG emissions in Kuopio by sector · Energy consumption classes (categorisation) · Energy consumption of heating of buildings in Kuopio · Energy transformations (energy production and use processes) · Fuels used by Haapaniemi energy plant · Greenhouse gas emissions in Kuopio · Haapaniemi energy plant in Kuopio · Land use in Kuopio · Building data availability in Kuopio · Password-protected pages: File:Heat use in Kuopio.csv · Kuopio housing City Basel Buildings in Basel (password-protected) Energy balances Energy balance in Basel · Energy balance in Kuopio · Energy balance in Stuttgart · Energy balance in Suzhou

Keywords

References

↑ Kuopion kasvihuonekaasut 2008-2010 (The greenhouse gas emissions in Kuopio 2008-2010) (in Finnish) [1] The per resident is calculated using the approximation of 97000 to be the population of Kuopio.
↑ ^{Jump up to: 2.0} ^2.1 ^2.2 Kuopion ilmastopoliittinen ohjelma 2009-2020, The programme of climate politics in Kuopio 2009-2020 (in Finnish) [2]

Related files

[1] Kuopion kasvihuonekaasut 2008-2010 (The greenhouse gas emissions in Kuopio 2008-2010) (in Finnish) [1] The per resident is calculated using the approximation of 97000 to be the population of Kuopio.

[kpo-2] {Jump up to: 2.0} ^2.1 ^2.2 Kuopion ilmastopoliittinen ohjelma 2009-2020, The programme of climate politics in Kuopio 2009-2020 (in Finnish) [2]

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
 ===Assessment-specific data===
+<pre>
 <t2b index="Name,Identifier,Cell,Direction" obs="Result" unit="-">
 Haapaniemi energy plant in Kuopio|Op_en5688|Production type:Heat|?|-
@@ Line 47: / Line 48: @@
 Climate change policies in Kuopio|Op_en5466|Decision:Haapaniemi 4|?|-
 </t2b>
+</pre>
+{{attack|# |Tarkoitin, että Cellit laitetaan arviointisivun eli [[Climate change policies and health in Kuopio]] taulukkoon. Ja olennaistahan on tarkastella tämän sivun muuttujaa [[Greenhouse gas emissions in Kuopio]], joten sen datasta pitää slaissata pois muut päästölähteet kuin kaukolämpö. [[Emission factors for burning processes]] on vain ylävirran muuttuja, josta ei niin haittaa vaikka data ei mätsää muuttujan outputiin, koska päästöjä laskettaessa siitä otetaan käyttöön vain oikeat rivit.|--[[User:Jouni|Jouni]] 11:10, 1 June 2012 (EEST)}}
+{{attack|# |Toistaiseksi yhdellä wikisivulla ei saa olla kahta t2b-taulua.|--[[User:Jouni|Jouni]] 11:10, 1 June 2012 (EEST)}}
 {{attack|# |The appropriate place for the above table must be considered (a new page?)|--[[User:Marjo|Marjo]] 11:05, 1 June 2012 (EEST)}}